2021 ASH ISTH NHF WFH guidelines on the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease:
VWD is characterized by excessive mucocutaneous bleeding, such as heavy menstrual bleeding, epistaxis, easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from minor wounds and the oral cavity, and gastrointestinal bleeding, as well as bleeding after dental work, childbirth, and surgery, with musculoskeletal bleeding, including joint bleeding seen in more severe cases.