Nucleated red blood cells are a reflection of extreme increases in erythropoietic activity as seen in/with:
- Hemoglobinopathies
- Brisk hemolysis
- Rapid blood loss
- Other conditions of hematopoietic stress such as sepsis
- Damage or stress to bone marrow, for example in:
- Chronic myeloid leukemia
- Acute leukemia
- Myelodysplastic syndromes
- Chemotherapy
- Myelophthisic conditions, including:
- Metastatic cancer to bone marrow
- Bone marrow fibrosis
