Differential Diagnosis of Thrombocytopenia According to Mechanism
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According to the mechanism of thrombocytopenia
- Decreased production:
- Isolated thrombocytopenia (rare):
- Alcohol toxicity (suppression of platelet production)(suppression of platelet production)
- Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia
- Medications, including:
- Linezolid (suppression of platelet production)
- Bortezomib (inhibition of proplatelet formation of megakaryocytes)
- Thiazide diuretics (selective suppression of megakaryocyte production, may also cause immune-mediated destruction of platelets)
- Chlorothiazide
- Infections such as HIV and HCV (may also cause immune-mediated destruction of platelets)
- Congenital thrombocytopenia
- Thrombocytopenia associated with changes in other hematopoietic cell lines, for example with/in:
- Infiltrative disorders of bone marrow
- Aplastic anemia
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Chemotherapy
- Isolated thrombocytopenia (rare):
- Increased consumption/destruction:
- Consumption:
- Thrombotic microangiopathy including:
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
- Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS)
- Disseminate intravascular hemolysis (DIC)
- Extracorporeal devices
- Antiphospholipid syndrome
- Thrombotic microangiopathy including:
- Antibody-mediated destruction
- Immune thrombocytopenia
- Antiphospholipid syndrome
- Medications
- Infection – for example babesiosis and anaplasmosis
- Consumption:
- Sequestration – hypersplenism, especially in setting of cirrhosis.
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